The SOCIAL LIFE OF SCOTLAND IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY (1909), This is a scanned copy of the original book containing both searchable text and the original graphics. It is provided as an Adobe Acrobat PDF file, you can search for names, places and items which may not be in the index.
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Author: Graham, Henry Grey, 1842-1906.
Published: London, ADAM AND CHARLES BLACK (1909) First Edition, in two volumes, published October 1899 ; reprinted February 1900. Second Edition, in one volume, published February 1901; reprinted October 1901, October 1906, February 1909
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Description:
Language: English Preface: In Scotland during the
eighteenth century there were only two
outstanding events which, after the Union, specially belong to its
history the Rebellion of '15 and the Rebellion of '45. Besides
these
rebellions, we find as State affairs of Scotland chiefly obscure
intrigues of factions, Whig and Tory, Presbyterian and Jacobite;
measures managed by leaders of Scottish business, who were servile
followers of English ministries; manoeuvres of Scots nobles and
placemen who travel southwards on horseback or in coach to win favour
with great statesmen at Westminster or courtiers at St. James's figures
not very real to us to-day as they flit across the stage, " transient
and embarrassed phantoms." To the end of the century when Henry Dundas
was " uncrowned King" of Scotland, pulling every political wire, and
making local magnates and voters in town and country obsequiously move
like puppets at his will political life in North Britain was
virtually
non-existent.
This book, however, does not treat of stirring and striking episodes
such as the Rebellions, with their elements of high romance not
unalloyed with dingy intrigue: for these a sketch would be too little,
and here a history would be too much. Still less does it concern itself
with the ways of politicians, who often mistook state craftiness for
statecraft, from the pettifogging schemers at the beginning of the
century to the dictatorship and despotic party domination at the close:
these interested the country a little at that time, but they interest
us very little to-day. The following pages treat of the social
condition of the country chiefly in the Lowlands and the internal
changes through which it passed during a hundred years, with details
which the historian dismisses with impatience as unconsidered trifles
marring the dignity of his theme and disturbing the flow of his
narrative. Yet, after all, it is in the inner life of a community that
its real history is to be found in the homes, and habits, and labours
of the peasantry; in the modes, and manners, and thoughts of society;
what the people believed and what they practised; how they farmed and
how they traded; how the poor were relieved; how their children were
taught, how their bodies were nourished, and how their souls were
tended. On this last subject it may be thought that too much has been
said that the religious and ecclesiastical state of Scotland has been
dealt with on a scale too large and disproportionate. It must, however,
be remembered that such a part too large and disproportionate it also
formed in the existence and concerns of the people. No doubt many of
the religious ways and habits, the old-world theology, have long ago
vanished, leaving only memories, humorous, pathetic, or bitter, behind
them; curious convictions that once were charged with dangerous force
in sectarian polemics are now cold and harmless, like exploded shells
on an old battlefield. But it is impossible to understand the character
and conduct of the Scottish people without knowing those bygone customs
and beliefs which were once full of intense vitality. Nowhere were
Church spirit so keen, Church influence so far-reaching, and Church
affairs so intimate, as in Scotland. Probably no period was so quietly
eventful in shaping the fortunes and character of the country as the
eighteenth century. Others are more distinguished by striking
incidents, others are more full of the din and tumult and strife which
arrest attention and are treated as crises, although they may neither
stir the depths nor affect the course of a people's life; but in that
century there was a continuous revolution going on a gradual
transformation in manners, customs, opinions, among every class; the
rise and progress of agricultural, commercial, and intellectual energy,
that turned waste and barren tracts to fertile fields stagnant towns to
centres of busy trade a lethargic, slovenly populace to an active,
enterprising race an utterly impoverished country to a prosperous land.
These facts constitute the real history of the Scots in the eighteenth
century.
The literature of the period, which developed so marvellously after the
middle of the century, is only slightly indicated in this study of the
time. It is a subject full of interest and importance; but, though it
came within the scope of this work, it could not be put within the
bounds of its space.
Contents:
COUNTRY SOCIETY AND COUNTRY LIFE, 1700-1750
COUNTRY SOCIETY AND COUNTRY LIFE, 1750-1800
TOWN LIFE EDINBURGH
TOWN LIFE GLASGOW
THE LAND AND THE PEOPLE, 1700-1750
THE LAND AND THE PEOPLE, 1750-1800
THE POOR OF SCOTLAND
RELIGIOUS AND ECCLESIASTICAL LIFE PART I.
RELIGIOUS AND ECCLESIASTICAL LIFE PART II.
THEOLOGICAL OPINIONS AND TEACHING
EDUCATION IN SCOTLAND SCHOOLS AND SCHOOLMASTERS
EDUCATION IN SCOTLAND THE UNIVERSITIES THEIR LIFE AND LEARNING
EDUCATION MEDICAL ART AND MEDICAL PRACTICE
CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS
PROGRESS OF INDUSTRY AND TRADE
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SOCIAL LIFE,SCOTLAND, Henry Grey Graham, Union, Rebellions, social
condition, Lowlands, inner life, habits, labours, peasantry, society,
farming, trading. COUNTRY SOCIETY, COUNTRY LIFE, TOWN LIFE,
EDINBURGH, GLASGOW, LAND, PEOPLE, Poor, ECCLESIASTICAL LIFE, Religion,
THEOLOGY, EDUCATION, SCHOOLMASTERS, UNIVERSITIES, CRIMES,PUNISHMENTS,
INDUSTRY, TRADE
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This page created 29/12/2008.